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c.~ngh
cyfsha gnehiz ytr izajs f nrit
website: www.ummies.info e-mail: khan@ummies.info
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j-My-njabkh _y
Kj Kaahf Kbkh
mubkhia izajst fw

fhyfhykhf fj vgJ gf Maf _ykhfnt ffgL tUwJ. khztf vGJnfhY, jhS, jfK bfhL jf fia fW tUwd.  tUfhyf u lh jf fia khztf bgwnghwhf.

MafSF gyhf fbghia gagL f fF Kiw, ft fj (Computer - Assisted Instruction) vdgL.

thW fF Kiwia c ~ngh bjhlsJ. tUfhy f Kiwjh nghfglsJ. c bjhls j mogil Kndho tfhLjYF Vg eh eik jahgL bfhs ntL.

j Ka c ~ngh Kndhoahf m KaW mubkhia j t, My t, kyh t ff KaW bt fLsJ. vG gHFtjbfW H vGJ totij, vGJf - brhf t totij x totij xUnf izJ ghlfis cUthns.

ytrkhf f nritia gaDs tf vgo gagLJtJ vgjFa ghlfis gogoahf fUJU (concept) Kiw izJ fF ghllij (Step by step Interactive Instruction) c mKfgLjUwJ.

xU khztD - kwtfS gyeh KaW fW bfhS Kiwia kh FWa fhy KGikahf fWju sJ.

ghlij f nrJ itJ, ntLnghJ wJ L L fWbfhS tr csJ. izajs fWbfhtjh fJiw mtf iuJ wikrhfshf Ko.

cy Jnt Kj Ka. ft fw myJ fj Kiw, wj Ma cUthF ghlFf, midtUF ftna ilF. khzt wik, m, fw ntf Matnfg ghlf nghfgL.

f t khztf clDFl g brJbfhs aY. fFnghJ br jtid clDFl UbfhS th tr  csJ.

flj 1976 M MoUJ mubkhia vthW ekJ rKjhaF fJ mtf FMid KGikahf fW J bfhs brtJ vW J, Rkh 13 MLfSF K 5 tanj ua xU WtDF grhj Kiw ft 2 khj FMid XJtjF fnj.

mtD UFM KGtij fW lh. 13 MLfSF K jft bjh Eg (IT) vwh vdbtnw mahj iy; f UjJ; Mdh iwa iyngh iy. izajs, fl x bgU nghwit bghUjglhj iy. mgogl traw iyY lhJ KaJ mj WtDF UFMid nghJns.

flj 6 khjfshf mUghLgL e kfilna klF mubkh Mwiy jo vGth nto j ma Ka w, mubkhia vbkh djtU va Kiw FWa fhy fWbfhS Kiw ghlij a jbkh va Kiw jahJns.

Kj Kiwahf J jbkh jahfgoUjhY, mLJ ij My, kyh bkhfY khw brJ fF KaY wns.

madh cyf FWtU ntis, f gaghL e th X mahta bghUshlJ. bjhiyng, bjhiyfh vW bjhl, W nghF lfSbfyh ifbjhiyngia bfhL brtJ ngh e thifF f m  jft mj rKjhakhf eh khw KoahJ vw iy cUthsJ. Kf jft mj rKjhakhf kL mu bkh bjj rKjhakhf khWtjF JbthU ma rjg.

c njhw:

wbghF vyh cF cK (jh) _yKj. mJnt c njhwF _yfUth mikJsJ.

c cyfsha gnehiz f nrit izajs jDila nritfis cyfsha iy ytrkhf bjhlsJ.

nehf :

bkhfis fgJ. Ka bkhahf - w bkhahf mubkhia KiygL fgJ.

i. j _y mubkhia fw.

ii. My _y mubkhia fw.

iii. njabkhahd kyh _y mubkhia fw.

thW j bkhia fw, My bkh fw, njabkh fw vd Ka tilJ bfhnl nghF.

ytrkhf tHF j ma KaF KfS, K myhjtfS jf KG xJiHig e btaila xJiHFgo nfLbfhnw.

c

c ~ngh jahUF ma Kiw, xa _y mu bkhia fF l fgjF vikahdJ; yFthdJ.

knyah KGtY a Kf kjuh[hf mfkhf csd. j kjuh[hf xbthW xU fia bfhoUf ntL.

jrka cjhJf x bthU khztUF jjahf ghl nghJ tUwhf. giHa khztUF, a khztUF xnu neu khfij nghgbjgJ mts Rygky. f _y j ukij Rygkhf tfyh. c ~ngh, mubkh ghlij yFthf, uk ft nghF. UgUg ntLkhdhY nghF; W nghj ghlij ehis, mjfLj ehS, xUthu brw D, xU khj brw D njitahdh mnj ghlij mnj kh fF. jdh cjhJf uk Fiw.

j Kiw khztf ghlfis iHyhk fUwhfsh vW nrhgnj cjhJfSila ntiyahf UF.

f, cjhJfSila ntiy gSit Fiwgdh, mtfsJ neu R. mjdh mtf jf ntiyf nkY wikahf ftd brY khfij eF MuhJ khztfSF nghf aY.

f Kiw mtfSF nkY nkY crhfij, Cfij, cntfij bfhLF vg Iaiy.

f t tff, Knah, cnahfjf kW mubkh ff U midtUF cjhJf mubkhia, UFMid ff thL.

nkY ntiyF brY K fztkhf oUF jf kidkhfl ft FHijfSF mufia, kiw f ia ff gfyh; L Ual, FHijf fUwhfsh vd mJ bfhsyh. fzt kidF tfhoahf, kid FHijfSF eybjhU jhahf, tfhoah mikJ, wjbjhU rKjhaij, bgU ikf rKjhaij, PhdKs rKjhaij, mthj rKjhaij, beFj rKjhaij cUthf Ko. eybjhU FLg gfiyfHf vW ekJ rhnwhf Tsgo ekJ FLg xU khf FLgkhf thG; cyf eik thJ.

xU rKjha U wkhf, cyf fG rKjhakhf, btF rKjhakhf u ntLkhdh mjF bg nwhf ahfK, flghL, CF f f Ka vgij e rKjha bgnwhf czu ntL.

xbthU bgnwhUF c ~ngh njhwh Jizahf UJ mtfSF tfhL. _____________________________________________________________________________________

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